All UN countries Countries in Europe Countries in North America Countries in South America Countries in Asia Countries in South America Countries in Australia & Oceania Countries sorted alphabetically (G-H-I-J) (see above) Countries sorted alphabetically (T-U-V-W-X-Y-Z) (see above)

N-O-P-Q-R

Namibia  (Namibië)
Ναμίμπια
Continent: Africa
Area: 825,615 km2 (318,696 mi2)
Population (2011): 2,113,077 (+0.817% p.a.)
Capital: Windhoek (Windhuk, ǀAiǁgams, Otjomuise) (268,132)
Other cities: Walvis Bay (85k), Rundu (64k)
Languages: English (official), Afrikaans, Oshiwambo, German, Rukwangali, Silozi, Setswana, Damara/Nama, Herero
Products: Diamonds, copper, gold, zinc, lead, uranium, cattle, processed fish, karakul skins
Borders: Angola, Zambia, Botswana, South Africa
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Namibian dollar (NAD)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $8,577 / $5,961
Calling code: +264
Internet domain: .na
Independence: March 21, 1990 (from S.Africa)
UN admission: April 23, 1990
Religions: Christianity, indigenous beliefs
National anthem:
"Namibia, Land of the Brave"
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Nauru  (fka Pleasant Island)
Ναούρου
Continent: Australia and Oceania
Area: 21 km2 (8.1 mi2)
Population (2011 est.): 9,378 (+0.58% p.a.)
Capital: Yaren (fka Makwa/Moqua) (1,100)
Largest town: Arijejen (fka Makwa/Moqua) (2,381)
Other villages: Baiti (810), Anabar (378)
Languages: Nauruan, English (both official)
Products: Phosphorite, IC's, pumps, fish, tourism, offshore banking
Sea borders: Marshall Islands, Kiribati
Time zone: UTC +12 (summer time not observed)
Currency: Australian dollar (AUD)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $2,500 / -
Calling code: +674
Internet domain: .nr
Independence: January 31, 1968 (from UK, Australia and New Zealand)
UN admission: September 14, 1999
Religions: Christianity, Bahá'í faith, Buddhism
National anthem: "Nauru Bwiema"
("Nauru, our homeland")
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Nepal  ( नेपाल )
Νεπάλ
Continent: Asia
Area: 147,181 km2 (56,827 mi2)
Population (2011): 26,494,504 (+1.4% p.a.)
Capital: Kathmandu (काठमाडौं) (975,453)
Other cities: Biratnagar (बिराटनगर) (697k), Pokhara (पोखरा) (265k)
Languages: Nepali (official), Maithili, Bhojpuri, Tharu,Tamang,Nepal Bhasa,Bajjika,Magar,Doteli,Urdu,Sunwar
Products: Carpets, iron & steel products, apparel, textiles, plastic products, nutmeg, fruit juices, flavoured water, legumes, hats, footwear
Borders: China, India
Time zone: UTC +5:45 (summer time not observed)
Currency: Nepalese rupee (NPR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $1,200 / $743
Calling code: +978
Internet domain: .np
Unification: September 25, 1768 (Kingdom)
UN admission: December 14, 1955
Religions: Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam
National anthem:
Sayaun Thunga Phool Ka (Hundreds of Flowers)
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Netherlands  (Nederland)
Ολλανδία
Continent: Europe
Area: 41,543 km2 (16,039 mi2)
Population (2014 est.): 16,819,595 (+0.452% pa)
Capital: Amsterdam (1,108,297)
Other cities: Rotterdam (1m), The Hague (Den Haag) (656k), Utrecht (488k), Eindhoven (337k)
Languages: Dutch (official), West Frisian, Limburgish, Dutch Low Saxon, English, Papiamento
Products: Oil, gas, machinery, computers, phones, electronics, packaged medicaments, vehicles & parts, metals, cut flowers, dairy products, plastics, chemicals, medical instruments, rolled tobacco, beer
Borders: Germany, Belgium
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR)
In Caribbean Netherlands: US dollar ($) (USD)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $42,586 / $49,765
Calling code: +31
Internet domain: .nl
Independence (decl.): July 26, 1581 (from the Spanish Empire)
UN admission: December 10, 1945
Religions: Christianity, Islam
National anthem:
"The Wilhelmus"
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New Zealand  (Aotearoa)
Νέα Ζηλανδία
Continent: Australia and Oceania
Area: 268,021 km2 (103,483 mi2)
Population (2013): 4,242,048 (+0.9% p.a.)
Capital: Wellington (Te Whanga-nui-a-Tara) (397,900)
Largest city: Auckland (Tāmaki Makaurau) (1.4m)
Other cities: Christchurch (Ōtautahi) (379k), Hamilton (Kirikiriroa) (179k)
Independence: January 17, 1853 (from U.K.)
Languages: English, Māori (both official)
Products: Dairy products, meat, crude oil, wood, fruits, gold, wine, wool, aluminium, casein
Sea borders: Fiji, Tonga, Australia
Time zone: UTC/BST +12
Currency: New Zealand dollar (NZD)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $30,493 / $40,481
Calling code: +64
Internet domain: .nz
Independence: January 17, 1853 (from U.K.)
UN admission: October 24, 1945
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"God Defend New Zealand"
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Nicaragua
Νικαράγουα
Continent: North America
Area: 130,375 km2 (50,193 mi2)
Population (2012): 6,071,045 (+1.7% p.a.)
Capital: Managua (927,087)
Other cities: León (191k), Masaya (140k)
Languages: Spanish (official), English, Miskito, Rama,Sumo,Miskito Coastal Creole,Garifuna,Rama Cay Creole
Products: Coffee, gold, beef, apparel, ships, crustaceans, cheese, sugar, ground nuts, ins. wire
Borders: Honduras, Costa Rica
Time zone: UTC -6 (summer time not observed)
Currency: Córdoba (NIO)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $4,849 / $1,921
Calling code: +505
Internet domain: .ni
Independence (decl.): September 15, 1821 (from Spain, Mexico & Fed. Rep. of Central America)
UN admission: October 24, 1945
Religions: Christianity
National anthem: "Salve a ti, Nicaragua"
("Hail to Thee, Nicaragua")
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Niger
Νίγηρας (Νίγηρ)
Continent: Africa
Area: 1,267,000 km2 (489,678 mi2)
Population (2012): 17,138,707 (+3.6% p.a.)
Capital: Niamey (1,302,910)
Other cities: Zinder (200k), Maradi (175k)
Languages: French (official), Hausa, Fulfulde, Gourmanchéma, Kanuri, Zarma, Tamasheq
Products: Radioactive chemicals, refined oil, uranium & thorium ore, used clothing, cranes, construction vehicles & trucks, livestock, dried legumes, onions, sugar
Borders: Algeria, Libya, Chad, Nigeria, Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali
Time zone: UTC +1 (summer time not observed)
Currency: West African CFA franc (XOF)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $771 / $399
Calling code: +227
Internet domain: .ne
Independence: August 3, 1960 (from France)
UN admission: September 20, 1960
Religions: Islam, Animism
National anthem: "La Nigérienne"
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Nigeria
Νιγηρία
Continent: Africa
Area: 923,768 km2 (356,667 mi2)
Population (2013 est.): 174,507,539 (+1.9% pa)
Capital: Abuja (979,876)
Largest city: Lagos (12,090,000)
Other cities: Kano (2.16m), Ibadan (1.84m)
Languages: English (official),Hausa,Igbo,Yoruba
Products: Crude Oil, gas, refined oil, cocoa beans, rubber
Borders: Niger, Chad, Cameroon, Benin
Time zone: UTC +1 (summer time not observed)
Currency: Naira (₦) (NGN)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $2,997 / $1,816
Calling code: +234
Internet domain: .ng
Independence (decl.): October 1, 1960 (from UK)
UN admission: October 7, 1960
Religions: Christianity, Islam
National anthem:
"Arise O compatriots, Nigeria's Call Obey"
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North Korea   (한국)
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Βόρειος Κορέα
Continent: Asia
Area: 120,540 km2 (46,528 mi2)
Population (2013 est.): 24,895,000 (+0.535% pa)
Capital: Pyongyang ( 평양 ) (2,514,692)
Other cities: Hamhung (함흥시) (769k), Chongjin (청진시) (668k), Nampo (남포시) (367k)
Languages: Korean
Products: Coal briquettes, iron ore, pig iron, iron products, apparel, cars & parts, machinery & equipment, molluscs, refined oil, zinc
Borders: China, Russia, South Korea
Time zone: UTC +9 (summer time not observed)
Currency: North Korean won (₩) (KPW)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $1,800 / $506
Calling code: +850
Internet domain: .kp
Liberation: August 15, 1945 (from Japan)
UN admission: September 17, 1991
Religions: Irrelegion, Korean shamanism, Cheondoism, Buddhism, Christianity
National anthem: 애국가 'Aegukka
("The Patriotic Song")
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Norway  (Norge, Noreg)
Νορβηγία
Continent: Europe
Area: 385,178 km2 (148,718 mi2)
Population (2013): 5,136,700 (+0.3% p.a.)
Capital: Oslo (925,242)
Other cities: Bergen (238k), Stavanger/Sandnes (201k), Trondheim (182k), Fredrikstad/Sarpsborg (102k)
Languages: Norwegian (Bokmål/Nynorsk)(official), Kven, Northern/Lule/Southern Sami
Products: Oil, gas, fish, aluminium, nickel, ships & boats, machinery, paper goods
Borders: Russia, Finland, Sweden
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Norwegian krone (NOK)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $55,398 / $101,271
Calling code: +47
Internet domain: .no
Formation: 872 AD (unification)
UN admission: November 27, 1945
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Ja, vi elsker dette landet"
("Yes, we love this country")
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Oman  ( عمان‎ )
Ομάν
Continent: Asia
Area: 309,501 km2 (119,498 mi2)
Population (2014 est.): 4,013,391 (+1.9% p.a.)
Capital: Muscat (مسقط) (734,697)
Other cities: Seeb (السيب‎) (238k), Salalah (صلالة) (197k), Bawshar (192k), Sohar (صحار) (140k)
Languages: Omani Arabic (official), Balochi, Bathari, Harsusi, Hobyot, Jibbali, Kumzari, Mehri
Products: Oil, gas, metals, fish, textiles
Borders: United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Saudi Arabia
Time zone: UTC +4 (summer time not observed)
Currency: Rial (OMR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $29,166 / $24,764
Calling code: +968
Internet domain: .om
Establishment: 751 AD (Imamate)
UN admission: October 7, 1971
Religions: Islam
National anthem: Nashid as-Salaam as-Sultani
("National anthem of Oman")
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Pakistan  ( پاكستان‎ )
Πακιστάν
Continent: Asia
Area: 796,095 km2 (307,374 mi2)
Population (2012 est.): 182,490,721 (+1.5% pa)
Capital: Islamabad (اسلام آباد) (529,180)
Largest city: Karachi (ڪراچي, کراچی‎) (9.33m)
Other cities: Lahore (لہور, لاہور‎) (5.14m), Faisalabad (فيصل آباد‎) (1.9m), Rawalpindi (راولپنڈی) (1.4m)
Languages: English, Urdu (both official)
Products: Textiles, apparel, cotton yarn, rice, refined oil, leather goods, sports goods, chemicals, wheat, cement, copper, fruits, fish
Borders: Afghanistan, China, India, Iran
Time zone: UTC +5 (summer time not observed)
Currency: Pakistani rupee (₨) (PKR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $3,144 / $1,295
Calling code: +92
Internet domain: .pk
Independence: August 14, 1947 (from U.K.)
UN admission: September 30, 1947
Religions: Islam
National anthem:
قومی ترانہ 'Qaumi Taranah"
("The National Anthem")
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Palau  (aka Belau or Pelew)
Παλάου
Continent: Australia and Oceania
Area: 459 km2 (177 mi2)
Population (2011 est.): 20,956 (+0.36% p.a.)
Capital: Ngerulmud (in Babeldaob island, Melekeok state) (391 only)
Largest city: Koror (in Koror/Oreor island) (11,200)
Other cities: Airai (in Babeldaob island) (2,723), Kloulklubed (in Peleliu island) (702)
Languages: English, Palauan (both official), Japanese, Sonsorolese, Tobian
Products: Fish, tourism, coral, shells, beverages, engines, electric filament, vehicle parts
Sea borders: Philippines, Micronesia, Indonesia
Time zone: UTC +9 (summer time not observed)
Currency: United States dollar ($) (USD)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $8,100 / -
Calling code: +680
Internet domain: .pw
Independence: October 1, 1994 (COFA with USA)
UN admission: December 15, 1994
Religions: Christianity, Modekngei
National anthem: "Belau rekid" ("Our Palau")
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Panama  (Panamá)
Παναμάς
Continent: North America
(East of Panama Canal: South America)
Area: 75,517 km2 (29,157 mi2)
Population (2013): 3,661,868 (+1.41% p.a.)
Capital: Panama City (Ciudad de Panamá) (880,691)
Other cities: San Miguelito (315k), Tocumen (103k)
Languages: Spanish (official), Ngäbere, 6 more indigenous languages
Products: Antibiotics, refined & crude oil, coal tar oil, ships, medicaments, machinery, clothing, bananas, fish, gold, rubber footwear & tires
Borders: Costa Rica, Colombia
Time zone: UTC -5 (summer time not observed)
Currency: Balboa (PAB) / US dollar (USD)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $16,539 / $10,916
Calling code: +507
Internet domain: .pa
Independence: November 28, 1821 (from Spain),
November 3, 1903 (from Colombia)
UN admission: November 13, 1945
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Himno Istmeño" ("Hymn of the Isthmus")
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Papua New Guinea
(PNG, Papua Niugini, Papua Niu Gini)
Παπούα Νέα Γουινέα
Continent: Australia and Oceania
Area: 462,840 km2 (178,703 mi2)
Population (2011): 7,059,653 (+1.94% p.a.)
Capital: Port Moresby (Pot Mosbi) (307,643)
Other cities: Lae (101k), Arawa (37k)
Languages: Hiri Motu, Tok Pisin, English (all official) and more than 820 indigenous languages!
Products: Platinum clad metals, gold, copper ore, oil, palm & coconut oil, wood, coffee, cocoa beans, precious metal ore
Borders: Indonesia
Time zone: UTC +10 (summer time not observed)
Currency: Papua New Guinean kina (PGK)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $2,897 / $2,491
Calling code: +675
Internet domain: .pg
Independence (declared & recognised): September 16, 1975 (from Australia)
UN admission: October 10, 1975
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
("O Arise, All You Sons")
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Paraguay  (Paraguái)
Παραγουάη
Continent: South America
Area: 406,752 km2 (157,048 mi2)
Population (2013 est.): 6,800,284 (+1.256% p.a.)
Capital: Asunción (542,023)
Other cities: Ciudad del Este (321k),
San Lorenzo (271k)
Languages: Guaraní, Spanish (both official)
Products: Soyabeans, soyabean oil & meals, beef, corn, wheat, electrical energy, sugar, rice
Borders: Bolivia, Brazil, Argentina
Time zone: UTC/BST -4
Currency: Guaraní (PYG)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $6,758 / $4,499
Calling code: +595
Internet domain: .py
Independence (decl.): May 14, 1811 (f. Spain)
UN admission: October 24, 1945
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Paraguayos, República o Muerte"
("Paraguayans, the Republic or Death")
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Peru  (Perú, Peruu, Piruw)
Περού
Continent: South America
Area: 1,285,216 km2 (496,225 mi2)
Population (2013 est.): 30,475,144 (+1.02% p.a.)
Capital: Lima (8,486,866)
Other cities: Arequipa (861k), Trujillo (788k)
Languages: Spanish, Quechua, Aymara (all official)
Products: Copper, gold, refined oil, gas, lead, zinc, tin, iron ore, molybdenum, silver, coffee, animal meal & pellets, apparel & textiles, fishmeal, fish
Borders: Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile
Time zone: UTC -5 (summer time not observed)
Currency: Nuevo sol (PEN)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $11,735 / $6,895
Calling code: +51
Internet domain: .pe
Independence (decl.): July 28, 1821 (f. Spain)
UN admission: October 31, 1945
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Himno Nacional del Perú"
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Philippines  (Pilipinas)
Φιλιππίνες
Continent: Asia
Area: 300,000 km2 (120,000 mi2)
Population (2014 est.): 99,422,100 (+1.87% pa)
Capital: Manila (Maynilà) (1,652,171)
Largest city: Quezon City (Lungsod Quezon) (2.76m)
Other cities: Caloocan (1.5m), Davao City (1.45m)
Languages: Filipino (Tagalog), English (both official), Cebuano, Ilokano, Hiligaynon, Waray-Waray, Kapampangan, Bikol, Albay Bikol, Pangasinan, Maranao, Maguindanao, Kinaray-a, Tausug, etc.
Products: IC's, computers, semiconductors, machinery & equipment, apparel, copper, bananas, coconut oil, tropical fruits, nuts
Sea borders: China, Japan, Palau, Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam
Time zone: UTC +8 (summer time not observed)
Currency: Peso (piso) (₱) (PHP)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $4,682 / $2,790
Calling code: +63
Internet domain: .ph
Independence (decl.): June 12, 1898 (from Spain and the U.S.A.)
UN admission: October 24, 1945
Religions: Christianity, Islam
National anthem:
"Lupang Hinirang" ("Chosen Land")
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Poland  (Polska)
Πολωνία
Continent: Europe
Area: 312,679 km2 (120,696.41 mi2)
Population (2012): 38,544,513 (-0.08% p.a.)
Capital: Warsaw (Warszawa) (1,706,624)
Other cities: Kraków (Cracow) (766k), Łódź (753k)
Languages: Polish (official), Kashubian
Products: Vehicles & parts, ships, video displays, computers, machinery & equipment, furniture, refined oil, refined copper, packaged medicaments, rubber tires, rolled tobacco, iron structures, paper goods
Borders: Russia, Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Germany
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Złoty (PLN)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $21,118 / $13,334
Calling code: +48
Internet domain: .pl
Formation (Kingdom of Poland): April 18, 1025
UN admission: October 24, 1945
Religions: Christianity, Judaism
National anthem:
"Mazurek Dąbrowskiego"
("Poland Is Not Yet Lost")
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Portugal
Πορτογαλία
Continent: Europe
Area: 92,212 km2 (35,603 mi2)
Population (2012 est.): 10,487,289 (+0.18% p.a.)
Capital: Lisbon (Lisboa) (3,051,000)
Other cities: Porto (Oporto) (1.4m),
Braga (182k), Amadora (177k), Setúbal (119k)
Languages: Portuguese (official), Mirandese
Products: Vehicles & parts, refined oil, machinery & tools, apparel & textiles, footwear, medicaments, wine, furniture, paper, rubber tires, gold, copper ore, tomatoes, tobacco
Borders: Spain
Time zone: UTC/BST +0 (Azores: UTC/BST -1)
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $23,671 / $21,765
Calling code: +351
Internet domain: .pt
Formation: 868 AD (foundation)
UN admission: December 14, 1955
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"A Portuguesa" ("The Portuguese")
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Qatar  (قطر‎)
Κατάρ
Continent: Asia
Area: 11,571 km2 (4,467.6 mi2)
Population (2014 est.): 2,144,101 (+4.93% p.a.)
Capital: Doha (الدوحة‎‎) (1,312,947)
Other cities: Al Rayyan (الريان) (445k), Umm Salal (أم صلال) (61k), Al Wakrah (الوكرة‎) (30k)
Languages: Arabic (official), English, Hindi, Malayalam, Urdu, Tamil, Nepali, Tagalog
Products: Petroleum gas, crude oil, refined oil, fertilizers, steel, ethylene polymers, aluminium
Borders: Saudi Arabia
Time zone: UTC +3 (summer time not observed)
Currency: Riyal (QAR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $102,943 / $98,329
Calling code: +974
Internet domain: .qa, قطر.
Independence: September 3, 1971 (from UK)
UN admission: September 21, 1971
Religions: Islam, Christianity
National anthem:
"As Salam Al Amiri" ("Amiri Salute")
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Romania  (România)
Ρουμανία
Continent: Europe
Area: 238,391 km2 (92,043 mi2)
Population (2011): 20,121,641 (-0.26% p.a.)
Capital: Bucharest (București) (1,883,425)
Other cities: Cluj-Napoca (Klausenburg, Kolozsvár) (325k), Timișoara (Temeswar, Temesvár) (319k)
Languages: Romanian (official), Hungarian, Vlax Romani
Products: Vehicles & parts, insulated wire, broadcasting equipment, refined oil, rubber tires, iron & steel products, apparel & textiles, wood & wood products, footwear, furniture, ships, rolled tobacco, corn, packaged medicaments, fertilizers
Borders: Ukraine, Moldova, Bulgaria, Serbia, Hungary
Time zone: UTC/BST +2
Currency: Romanian leu (RON)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $13,395 / $8,910
Calling code: +40
Internet domain: .ro
Independence: 1877-8 AD (from Ottoman Empire)
UN admission: December 14, 1955
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Deşteaptă-te, române!"
("Awaken Thee, Romanian")
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Russia  (Россия)
Ρωσία
Continent: Europe (& Asia)
Area: 17,098,242 km2 (6,592,800 mi2)
Population (2014 est.): 143,700,000 (-0.48% pa)
Capital: Moscow (Москва) (11,514,330)
Other cities: Saint Petersburg (Санкт-Петербург) (4.8m), Novosibirsk (Новосибирск) (1.4m)
Languages: Russian (official) & [many more]
Products: Crude & refined oil, gas, iron ore & products, coal briquettes, platinum, diamonds, wood, fertilisers, machinery & equipment, aluminium, chemicals, copper, wheat
Borders: North Korea, China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania, Poland, Latvia, Estonia, Finland, Norway
Time zone: UTC +3 to +12 (no summer time)
Currency: Russian ruble (RUB)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $17,884 / $14,818
Calling code: +7
Internet domain: .ru, .su, .рф (ISO code: RU)
Formation (Federation): December 25, 1991
UN admission: October 24, 1945
Religions: Christianity, Islam
National anthem:
Государственный гимн Российской Федерации 'Gosudarstvenny gimn Rossiyskoy Federatsii ("State Anthem of the Russian Federation")
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Rwanda
Ρουάντα
Continent: Africa
Area: 26,338 km2 (10,169 mi2)
Population (2013 est.): 12,012,589 (+2.75% p.a.)
Capital: Kigali (1,132,686)
Other cities: Butare (90k), Gitarama (88k)
Languages: Kinyarwanda, French, English (all official)
Products: Tin ore, coffee, tea, metals (niobium, tantalum, vanadium, zirconium, tungsten, chromium ore), refined oil, iron & steel, footwear, hides & skins, vehicles
Borders: Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Time zone: UTC +2 (summer time not observed)
Currency: Rwandan franc (RWF)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $1,538 / $698
Calling code: +250
Internet domain: .rw
Independence: July 1, 1962 (from Belgium)
UN admission: September 18, 1962
Religions: Christianity, Islam
National anthem: "Rwanda Nziza"
("Beautiful Rwanda")
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