All UN countries Countries in Europe Countries in North America Countries in South America Countries in Asia Countries in South America Countries in Australia & Oceania Countries sorted alphabetically (G-H-I-J) (see above) Countries sorted alphabetically (T-U-V-W-X-Y-Z) (see above)

Thursday, 6 March 2014

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Countries in Europe

Albania  (Shqipëri)
Αλβανία
Continent: Europe
Area: 28,748 km2 (11,100 mi2)
Population (2011): 2,821,977 (+0.28% p.a.)
Capital: Tirana (Tiranë, Tirona) (421,286k)
Other cities: Durrës (Dyrrhachion) (114k), Elbasan (Neokastron, Novigrad) (128k)
Languages: Albanian (official), Greek, Vlach, Serbian, Macedonian, Bosnian, Bulgarian, Gorani, Roma
Products: Crude oil, leather footwear, iron, chromium ore, apparel, textiles, wheat, corn, tobacco, figs, olives
Borders: Montenegro, Serbia, The FYROM, Greece
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Lek (ALL)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $11,400 / $5,000
Calling code: +355
Internet domain: .al
Independence: November 28, 1912
UN admission: December 14, 1955
Religions: Islam, Christianity
National anthem:
"Himni i Flamurit" ("Hymn to the Flag")
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Andorra
Ανδόρρα
Continent: Europe
Area: 467.63 km2 (180.55 mi2)
Population (2011 est.): 85,082 (+0.27% p.a.)
Capital: Andorra la Vella (22,256)
Other cities: Les Escaldes (15.5k), Encamp (10.5k)
Languages: Catalan (official), Spanish, French, Portuguese
Products: Tourism, concentrated milk, malt extract, animal meal & pellets, sugar, fertilisers, IC's, vehicles, orthopaedic appliances, tobacco products
Borders: France, Spain
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): - / $53,383
Calling code: +376
Internet domain: .ad
Independence (Paréage): 1278 AD (from the Crown of Aragon)
UN admission: July 28, 1993
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"El Gran Carlemany" (The Great Charlemagne)
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Armenia   (Հայաստան - 'Hayastan)
Αρμενία
Continent: Europe & Asia
Area: 29,743 km2 (11,484 mi2)
Population (2011): 3,018,854 (+0.11% p.a.)
Capital: Yerevan (Երևան) (1,060,138)
Other cities: Gyumri (Գյումրի) (146k), Vanadzor (Վանաձոր) (105k)
Languages: Armenian (official), Russian
Products: Copper, ferroalloys, aluminium foil, hard liquor, diamonds, gold, zinc, mineral products, crustaceans, cheese, machine tools, textiles
Borders: Georgia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Turkey
Time zone: UTC +4 (summer time not observed)
Currency: Dram (դր.) (AMD)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $6,128 / $3,037
Calling code: +374
Internet domain: .am
Independence (decl.): August 23, 1990 (f. USSR)
UN admission: March 2, 1992
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Mer Hayrenik" ("Our Fatherland")
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Austria  (Österreich)
Αυστρία
Continent: Europe
Area: 83,855 km2 (32,377 mi2)
Population (2011 est.): 8,414,638 (+0.03% p.a.)
Capital: Vienna (Wien) (1,765,649)
Other cities: Graz (Grác) (265k), Linz (191k), Salzburg (Såizburg) (149k), Innsbruck (122k)
Languages: German (official), Bosnian, Croatian, Montenegrin, Serbian
Products: Machinery & equipment, vehicles & parts, wood, paper & paperboard, metal goods, chemicals, iron & steel, copper, textiles, foodstuffs, gas, energy, services, tourism
Borders: Germany, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Italy, Switzerland, Liechtenstein
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $43,796 / $52,216
Calling code: +43
Internet domain: .at
Independence (2nd Republic): 1945
UN admission: December 14, 1955
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Land der Berge, Land am Strome"
("Land of Mountains, Land by the River")
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Belarus  (Белару́сь)
Λευκορωσία
Continent: Europe
Area: 207,595 km2 (80,155 mi2)
Population (2012): 9,457,500 (-0.36% p.a.)
Capital: Minsk (Мінск, Минск) (2,002,600)
Other cities: Gomel (Го́мель, Homel) (515k), Mogilev (Магілёў 'Mahilioŭ, Могилёв) (371k)
Languages: Belarusian, Russian( (both official)
Products: Refined oil, fertilisers, tractors, trucks, cheese, butter, sugar, iron products, tires, textiles
Borders: Latvia, Russia, Ukraine, Poland, Lithuania
Time zone: UTC +3 (eternal summer time observed)
Currency: Belarusian ruble (BYR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $15,633 / $6,739
Calling code: +375
Internet domain: .by
Independence (decl.): July 27, 1990 (f. USSR)
UN admission: October 24, 1945
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"My Belarusy"
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Belgium (Belgique,België)
Βέλγιο
Continent: Europe
Area: 30,528 km2 (11,787 mi2)
Population (2013): 11,099,554 (+0.06% p.a.)
Capital: Brussels (Bruxelles, Brussel) (1,138,854)
Other cities: Antwerp (Anvers, Antwerpen) (512k), Ghent (Gand, Gent) (249k)
Languages: Dutch, French, German (all official)
Products: Medicaments, vehicles & parts, machinery, chemicals, metals & metal products, finished diamonds, foodstuffs, chocolate
Borders: Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg, France
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $38,826 / $47,787
Calling code: +32
Internet domain: .be
Independence (decl.): October 4, 1830 (from the Netherlands)
UN admission: December 27, 1945
Religions: Religions: Christianity, Islam
National anthem:
"The Brabançonne"
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Bosnia and Herzegovina
(Босна и Херцеговина)
Βοσνία και Ερζεγοβίνη
Continent: Europe
Area: 51,197km2 (19,741 mi2)
Population (2013): 3,791,622 (+0.003% p.a.)
Capital: Serajevo (Сарајево) (438,443)
Other cities: Banja Luka (Бања Лука) (200k), Tuzla (Тузла) (121k)
Languages: Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian (all official)
Products: Electricity, chairs & seats, aluminium, footwear, refined oil, machines, metal products, coal, wood, paper, milk, sugar
Borders: Croatia, Serbia, Montenegro
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Convertible mark (BAM)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $9,986 / $4,865
Calling code: +387
Internet domain: .ba
Independence: March 1, 1992 (from Yugoslavia)
UN admission: May 22, 1992
Religions: Islam, Christianity
National anthem: "Državna himna Bosne i Hercegovine"
"National Anthem of Bosnia & Herzegovina"
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Bulgaria  (България)
Βουλγαρία
Continent: Europe
Area: 110,994 km2 (42,823 mi2)
Population (2011): 7,364,570 (-0.781% p.a.)
Capital: Sofia (София) (1,241,396)
Other cities: Plovdiv (Пловдив) (339k), Varna (Варна) (335k), Burgas (Бургас) (201k)
Languages: Bulgarian (official), Turkish, Romani
Products: Refined oil, copper, packaged medicaments, sunflower seeds, clothing, footwear, iron and steel, machinery & equipment
Borders: Romania, Turkey, Greece, FYROM, Serbia
Time zone: UTC/BST +2
Currency: Lev (BGN)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $14,870 / $7,582
Calling code: +359
Internet domain: .bg
Independence: Oct 5, 1908 (f. Ottoman Empire)
UN admission: December 14, 1955
Religions: Christianity, Islam
National anthem:
Мила Родино 'Mila Rodino (Dear Motherland)		  
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Croatia  (Hrvatska)
Κροατία
Continent: Europe
Area: 56,594 km2 (21,851 mi2)
Population (2011): 4,284,889 (+0.09% p.a.)
Capital: Zagreb (792,875)
Other cities: Split (Spalato) (178k),
Rijeka (Fiume, Pflaum) (129k)
Languages: Croatian (official), Czech, Hungarian, Italian, Ruthenian, Serbian and Slovakian
Products: Ships & boats, refined oil, gas, electrical transformers, electricity, medicaments, wood, scrap iron, sugar, furniture, textiles, footwear, plastics
Borders: Slovenia, Hungary, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Kuna (HRK)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $18,314 / $13,920
Calling code: +385
Internet domain: .hr
Independence (decl.): Oct 8, 1991 (f. Yugoslavia)
UN admission: May 22, 1992
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Lijepa naša domovino"
("Our Beautiful Homeland")
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Cyprus  (Κύπρος, Kıbrıs)
Κύπρος
Continent: Europe & Asia
Area: 9,251 km2 (3,572 mi2)
Population (2011): 838,897 (+1.57% p.a.)
Capital: Nicosia (Λευκωσία, Lefkoşa) (398,293)
Other cities: Limassol (Λεμεσός, Limasol) (101k),
Larnaca (Λάρνακα, Larnaka) (52k)
Languages: Greek, Turkish (both official), English, Armenian, Cypriot Maronite Arabic
Products: Refined oil, ships, diodes & transistors, packaged medicaments, iron, copper, cheese & curd, potatoes, fish, cigars, oranges, mantarines
Sea borders: Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Egypt, Greece
Time zone: UTC/BST +2
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $27,085 / $26,389
Calling code: +357
Internet domain: .cy
Independence (procl.): August 16,1960 (from U.K.)
UN admission: September 20, 1960
Religions: Christianity, Islam
National anthem:
"Ύμνος Εις Την Ελευθερίαν" 'Ýmnos eis tīn Eleutherían ("Hymn To Freedom")
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Czech Republic (Česká Republika)
Τσεχία
Continent: Europe
Area: 78,866 km2 (30,450 mi2)
Population (2011): 10,436,560 (+0.13% p.a.)
Capital: Prague (Praha) (1,262,106)
Other cities: Brno (386k), Ostrava (Ostrau, Ostrawa) (326k)
Languages: Czech (official), Slovak, German, Polish, Romani, Russian
Products: Vehicles & parts, computers, phones, VDUs, machinery, electricity, metals, chemicals, rubber tires, plastics, textiles, refined oil, coal, gas
Borders: Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, Austria, Germany
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Czech koruna (CZK)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $28,086 / $18,846
Calling code: +420
Internet domain: .cz
Formation: January 1, 1993
UN admission: January 19, 1993
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Kde domov můj?" ("Where Is My Home?")
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Denmark  (Danmark)
Δανία
Continent: Europe
Area: 42,915.7 km2 (16,562.1 mi2)
Population (2014 est.): 5,627,235 (+0.24% p.a.)
Capital: Copenhagen (København) (1,181,239)
Other cities: Aarhus (260k), Odense (173k)
Languages: Danish (official), Faroese, Greenlandic, German
Products: Packaged medicaments, machinery, medical instruments, oil, gas, chemicals, pig meat, fish, cheese, metals, ships, vehicles & parts
Borders: Germany
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Danish krone (DKK)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $37,794 / $57,998
Calling code: +45
Internet domain: .dk
Consolidation: 8th century AD
UN admission: October 24, 1945
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Der er et yndigt land"
("There is a lovely country")
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Estonia  (Eesti)
Εσθονία
Continent: Europe
Area: 45,227 km2 (17,413 mi2)
Population (2011): 1,294,486 (-0.65% p.a.)
Capital: Tallinn (Таллинн) (431,021)
Other cities: Tartu (99k), Narva (Нарва) (59k)
Languages: Estonian (official), Russian, Võro, Setu
Products: Telephones, refined oil, vehicles & parts, wood, scrap iron, insulated wire, cocoa beans, hard liquor, plastics, rubber tires, apparel, textiles, mattresses, furniture
Borders: Latvia, Russia
Time zone: UTC/BST +2
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $23,213 / $20,179
Calling code: +372
Internet domain: .ee
Independence: August 20, 1991 (from USSR)
UN admission: September 17, 1991
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm"
("My Fatherland, My Happiness and Joy")
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Finland  (Suomi)
Φινλανδία
Continent: Europe
Area: 338,424 km2 (130,596 mi2)
Population (2014 est.): 5,457,429 (+0.06% p.a.)
Capital: Helsinki (Helsingfors) (1,092,404)
Other cities: Tampere (Tammerfors) (313k), Espoo (Esbo) (261k), Turku (Åbo) (253k)
Languages: Finnish, Swedish (both official), Sami
Products: Refined oil, paper, wood, woodpulp, iron & steel, broadcasting equipment, telephones, vehicles, ships & boats, medicaments, medical instruments, chemicals, plastics
Borders: Norway, Russia, Sweden
Time zone: UTC/BST +2
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $36,395 / $36,395
Calling code: +358
Internet domain: .fi
Independence: December 6,1917 (from Soviet Russia)
UN admission: December 14, 1955
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Maamme" ("Our Land")
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France
Γαλλία
Continent: Europe
Area: 640,679 km2 (246,201 mi2)
Population (2014): 66,616,416 (+0.47% p.a.)
Capital: Paris (10,413,386)
Other cities: Marseille (Marselha, Marseilles) (1.6m), Lyon (1.55m), Toulouse ()<> (1.2m)
Languages: French (official), Alsatian, Catalan, Corsican, Breton, Gallo, Occitan, Tahitian
Products: Machinery, aircrafts, spacecrafts, cars & parts, electronics, medicaments, medical instruments, beauty products, perfumes, chemicals, textiles & apparel, refined oil & gas, plastics, wine, hard liquor, cheese, wheat, corn
Borders: Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, Monaco, Spain, Andorra
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR), CFP franc (XPF)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $36,453 / $44,730
Calling code: +33
Internet domain: .fr
Formation of Republic: September 22, 1792
UN admission: October 24, 1945
Religions: Christianity, Islam, Judaism
National anthem:
"La Marseillaise"
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Germany  (Deutschland)
Γερμανία
Continent: Europe
Area: 357,168 km2 (137,847 mi2)
Population (2011): 80,219,695 (-0.2% p.a.)
Capital: Berlin (3,401,147)
Other cities: Hamburg (1.79m), Munich (München, Minga) (1.39m), Cologne (Köln, Kölle) (1m), Frankfurt am Main (688k)
Languages: German (official), Low German, Frisian, Danish, Sorbian, Romany
Products: Machinery, cars, trucks, tractors, vehicle parts, aircrafts, helicopters, spacecrafts, electronics, pharmaceuticals, plastics, mineral fuels (incl. oil), optical/technical/medical instruments, iron and steel, organic chemicals
Borders: Denmark, Poland, Czech Republic, Austria, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Belgium, Netherlands
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $41,248 / $47,893
Calling code: +49
Internet domain: .de
Reunification: October 3, 1990
UN admission: September 18, 1973
Religions: Christianity, Islam
National anthem:
"Das Deutschlandlied" ("Song of the Germans")
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Greece  (Ελλάς)(aka Hellas)
Ελλάς
Continent: Europe
Area: 131,957 km2 (50,949 mi2)
Population (2011): 10,815,197 (+0.06% p.a.)
Capital: Athens (Αθήνα) (3,752,973)
Other cities: Thessaloniki (Θεσσαλονίκη) aka Salonica (1.1m), Patras (Πάτρα) (214k)
Languages: Greek
Products: Refined oil, gas, aluminium, machinery, electrical & electronic equipment, pharmaceuticals, plastics, products of iron, steel & copper , marble, olive oil, cheese, grapes, citrus, pitted fruits, fish, vegetables, cotton, textiles, apparel, tobacco, wheat, processed food (fruit, veg & nuts), tourism
Borders: Albania, FYROM, Bulgaria, Turkey
Time zone: UTC/BST +2
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $23,631 / $21,617
Calling code: +30
Internet domain: .gr
Independence (recognised): February 2, 1830 (from Ottoman Empire)
UN admission: October 25, 1945
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
Ύμνος Εις Την Ελευθερίαν (Hymn To Freedom)
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Hungary  (Magyarország)
Ουγγαρία
Continent: Europe
Area: 93,030 km2 (35,919 mi2)
Population (2014 est.): 9,879,000 (-0.184% p.a.)
Capital: Budapest (1,729,040)
Other cities: Debrecen (211k), Miskolc (168k)
Languages: Hungarian
Products: Machinery, broadcasting equipment, VDUs, computers, cars & parts, medicaments, refined oil, gas, electricity, corn
Borders: Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, Slovenia, Austria
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Forint (HUF)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $20,455 / $13,872
Calling code: +36
Internet domain: .hu
Secession: 1918 (from Austria-Hungary)
UN admission: December 14, 1955
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Himnusz" ("Hymn")
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Iceland  (Ísland)
Ισλανδία
Continent: Europe
Area: 103,001 km2 (39,770 mi2)
Population (2014 est.): 325,671 (+0.674% p.a.)
Capital: Reykjavík (121,490)
Other cities: Kópavogur (32k), Hafnarfjörður (26k)
Languages: Icelandic
Products: Aluminium (raw & products), fish, crustaceans, ferroalloys, aircrafts & spacecrafts, medicaments, animal feed
Sea borders: Denmark, Norway
Time zone: UTC +0 (summer time not observed)
Currency: Icelandic króna (ISK)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $39,223 / $41,739
Calling code: +354
Internet domain: .is
Formation (Republic): June 17, 1944
UN admission: November 19, 1946
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Lofsöngur" ("Hymn")
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Ireland  (Éire)
Ιρλανδία - Έιρε
Continent: Europe
Area: 70,273 km2 (27,133 mi2)
Population (2011): 4,588,252 (+1.112% p.a.)
Capital: Dublin (Baile Átha Cliath) (1,110,627)
Other cities: Cork (Corcaigh) (199k),
Limerick (Luimneach) (96k)
Languages: Irish, English (both official)
Products: Medicaments, organic chemicals, ADP machines, IC's, computers, optical fibers, meat, dairy products, broadcasting equipment, orthopaedic appliances, medical instruments, hard liquor
Borders: United Kingdom (U.K.)
Time zone: UTC/BST +0
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $43,592 / $45,888
Calling code: +353
Internet domain: .ie
Independence (decl.): April 24, 1916 (from UK)
UN admission: December 14, 1955
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Amhrán na bhFiann" ("The Soldiers' Song")
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Italy  (Italia)
Ιταλία
Continent: Europe
Area: 301,338 km2 (116,347 mi2)
Population (2011): 59,433,744 (+0.38% p.a.)
Capital: Rome (Roma) (2,645,907)
Other cities: Milan (Milano) (1.35m), Naples (Napoli) (1.06m), Turin (Torino) (912k), Palermo (655k)
Languages: Italian
Products: Machinery, vehicles & parts, aircrafts & parts, ships, refined oil, medicaments, chemicals, electronics, textiles, apparel, footwear, iron & steel, wine, gold, jewellery, meat, cheese, olive oil, pasta
Borders: Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia, France, San Marino, Vatican City
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $30,218 / $35,123
Calling code: +39
Internet domain: .it
Formation: March 17, 1861
UN admission: December 14, 1955
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Il Canto degli Italiani"
("The Song of the Italians")
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Latvia  (Latvija, Латвия)
Λεττονία (Λάτβια)
Continent: Europe
Area: 64,589 km2 (24,938 mi2)
Population (2011): 2,070,371 (-0.598% p.a.)
Capital: Riga (Rīga, Рига) (693,064)
Other cities: Daugavpils (Даугавпилс) (101k), Liepāja (Лиепая, Libau, Lipawa) (82k)
Languages: Latvian (official), Russian
Products: Refined oil, wood & wood products, packaged medicaments, hard liquor, vehicles & parts, scrap metal, metal products, machines & equipment, wheat, textiles, garments
Borders: Estonia, Russia, Belarus, Lithuania
Time zone: UTC/BST +2
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $22,150 / $16,138
Calling code: +371
Internet domain: .lv
Independence (decl.): 4 May 1990 (from USSR)
UN admission: September 17, 1991
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Dievs, svētī Latviju!" (God Bless Latvia!)
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Liechtenstein
Λίχτενσταϊν
Continent: Europe
Area: 160 km2 (61 mi2)
Population (2011 est.): 36,281 (+0.795% p.a.)
Capital: Vaduz (5,342)
Largest city: Schaan (5,758)
Other cities: Triesen (4.6k), Balzers (4.4k)
Languages: German (official), Alemannic dialect of German, Swiss Standard German
Products: Financial services, ceramics, saucage casings, false teeth
Borders: Austria, Switzerland
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Swiss franc (CHF)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $98,432 / $143,151
Calling code: +423
Internet domain: .li
Independence: 1866 (f. German Confederation)
UN admission: September 18, 1990
Religions: Christianity, Islam
National anthem:
"Oben am jungen Rhein"
("Up Above the Young Rhine")
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Lithuania  (Lietuvos, Литва)
Λιθουανία
Continent: Europe
Area: 65,300 km2 (25,212 mi2)
Population (2014 est.): 2,944,459 (-0.278% p.a.)
Capital: Vilnius (Wilno, Вiльня, Wilna, Viļņa, Вильнюс, Vilno, ווילנע) (539,939)
Other cities: Kaunas (Каунас) (311k), Klaipėda (Memel, Клайпедский) (157k)
Languages: Lithuanian (official), Russian, Polish
Products: Refined oil, vehicles & parts, fertilisers, chemicals, machinery & equipment, furniture, rolled tobacco, plastics, wheat, cheese, metals, textiles
Borders: Latvia, Belarus, Poland, Russia
Time zone: UTC/BST +2
Currency: Lithuanian litas (Lt) (LTL)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $23,850 / $16,600
Calling code: +370
Internet domain: .lt
Independence: March 11, 1990 (from U.S.S.R.)
UN admission: September 17, 1991
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Tautiška giesmė" ("National Song")
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Luxembourg (Luxemburg, Lëtzebuerg)
Λουξεμβούργο
Continent: Europe
Area: 2,586.4 km2 (998.6 mi2)
Population (2013 est.): 537,853 (+1.135% p.a.)
Capital: Luxembourg City (Stad Lëtzebuerg) (94,034)
Other cities: Esch-sur-Alzette (Esch-Uelzecht) (28k), Differdange (Déifferdeng) (19k)
Languages: French, German, Luxembourgish (all official)
Products: Iron & steel products, cars, rubber products, chemicals, cut paper, plastics
Borders: Germany, France, Belgium
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $79,785 / $107,206
Calling code: +352
Internet domain: .lu
Independence: June 9, 1815 (f. French Empire)
UN admission: October 24, 1945
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Ons Hémécht" ("Our Homeland")
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Malta
Μάλτα
Continent: Europe
Area: 316 km2 (121 mi2)
Population (2011): 416,055 (+0.34% p.a.)
Capital: Valetta (Il-Belt) (6,966)
Largest city: Birkirkara or B'Kara (Birchircara) (22k)
Other cities: Qormi (Città Pinto) (19k), Mosta (18k)
Languages: Maltese, English (both official), Italian, French
Products: Refined oil, ICs, semiconductors, medicaments, fish, ships & boats, gold, medical instruments, vehicle & aircraft parts
Sea borders: Italy, Libya
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $27,022 / $20,852
Calling code: +356
Internet domain: .mt
Independence: September 21, 1964 (from UK)
UN admission: December 1, 1964
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"L-Innu Malti" ("The Maltese Hymn")
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Moldova
Μολδαβία
Continent: Europe
Area: 33,846 km2 (13,067 mi2)
Population (2012 est.): 3,559,500 (-1.02% p.a.)
Capital: Chișinău (Kishinev, Кишинёв) (723,500)
Other cities: Tiraspol (Тирасполь) (149k), Bălţi (Bielce, Бельцы, Бэлць, Бєльці) (144k)
Languages: Romanian (official), Russian, Ukrainian, Gagauz
Products: Insulated wire, sunflower seeds, wine, nuts, seed oils, leather footwear, packaged medicaments, textiles, apparel, machinery, furniture, apples & pears, corn, rapeseed, soybeans wheat
Borders: Ukraine, Romania
Time zone: UTC/BST +2
Currency: Moldovan leu (MDL)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $4,219 / $2,038
Calling code: +373
Internet domain: .md
Independence (decl.): August 27, 1991 (from USSR)
UN admission: March 2, 1992
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Limba Noastră" ("Our Language")
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Monaco
Μονακό
Continent: Europe
Area: 2.02 km2 (0.78 mi2)
Population (2011 est.): 36,371 (-0.1% p.a.)
Capital: Monaco (city-state)
Largest Quartier: Monte Carlo (Monte-Carl, Monte-Carlu) (15k)
Languages: French (official), Monégasque, Italian, Occitan, English
Products: Financial & commercial services, tourism
Borders: France
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $132,571 / $153,177
Calling code: +377
Internet domain: .mc
Independence: 1297 AD (House of Grimaldi)
UN admission: May 28, 1993
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Hymne Monégasque"
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Montenegro
(Црна Гора, Crna Gora)
Μαυροβούνιο
Continent: Europe
Area: 13,812 km2 (5,019 mi2)
Population (2011): 625,266 (-0.633% p.a.)
Capital: Podgorica (Подгорица) (156,169)
Other cities: Nikšić (Никшић) (58k),
Pljevlja (Пљевља) (21k)
Languages: Montenegrin (official), Serbian, Bosnian, Albanian, Croatian
Products: Raw aluminium, scrap iron & copper, metal products, wine, wood, refined oil, explosives, medicaments, machinery, equipment
Borders: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Albania, Croatia
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $11,800 / $6,881
Calling code: +382
Internet domain: .me
Independence: June 3, 2006 (from Serbia & Mon/gro)
UN admission: June 28, 2006
Religions: Christianity, Islam
National anthem:
Oj, svijetla majska zoro (Oh, Bright Dawn of May)
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Netherlands  (Nederland)
Ολλανδία
Continent: Europe
Area: 41,543 km2 (16,039 mi2)
Population (2014 est.): 16,819,595 (+0.452% pa)
Capital: Amsterdam (1,108,297)
Other cities: Rotterdam (1m), The Hague (Den Haag) (656k), Utrecht (488k), Eindhoven (337k)
Languages: Dutch (official), West Frisian, Limburgish, Dutch Low Saxon, English, Papiamento
Products: Oil, gas, machinery, computers, phones, electronics, packaged medicaments, vehicles & parts, metals, cut flowers, dairy products, plastics, chemicals, medical instruments, rolled tobacco, beer
Borders: Germany, Belgium
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR)
In Caribbean Netherlands: US dollar ($) (USD)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $42,586 / $49,765
Calling code: +31
Internet domain: .nl
Independence (decl.): July 26, 1581 (from the Spanish Empire)
UN admission: December 10, 1945
Religions: Christianity, Islam
National anthem:
"The Wilhelmus"
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Norway  (Norge, Noreg)
Νορβηγία
Continent: Europe
Area: 385,178 km2 (148,718 mi2)
Population (2013): 5,136,700 (+0.3% p.a.)
Capital: Oslo (925,242)
Other cities: Bergen (238k), Stavanger/Sandnes (201k), Trondheim (182k), Fredrikstad/Sarpsborg (102k)
Languages: Norwegian (Bokmål/Nynorsk)(official), Kven, Northern/Lule/Southern Sami
Products: Oil, gas, fish, aluminium, nickel, ships & boats, machinery, paper goods
Borders: Russia, Finland, Sweden
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Norwegian krone (NOK)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $55,398 / $101,271
Calling code: +47
Internet domain: .no
Formation: 872 AD (unification)
UN admission: November 27, 1945
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Ja, vi elsker dette landet"
("Yes, we love this country")
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Poland  (Polska)
Πολωνία
Continent: Europe
Area: 312,679 km2 (120,696.41 mi2)
Population (2012): 38,544,513 (-0.08% p.a.)
Capital: Warsaw (Warszawa) (1,706,624)
Other cities: Kraków (Cracow) (766k), Łódź (753k)
Languages: Polish (official), Kashubian
Products: Vehicles & parts, ships, video displays, computers, machinery & equipment, furniture, refined oil, refined copper, packaged medicaments, rubber tires, rolled tobacco, iron structures, paper goods
Borders: Russia, Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, Slovakia, Czech Republic, Germany
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Złoty (PLN)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $21,118 / $13,334
Calling code: +48
Internet domain: .pl
Formation (Kingdom of Poland): April 18, 1025
UN admission: October 24, 1945
Religions: Christianity, Judaism
National anthem:
"Mazurek Dąbrowskiego"
("Poland Is Not Yet Lost")
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Portugal
Πορτογαλία
Continent: Europe
Area: 92,212 km2 (35,603 mi2)
Population (2012 est.): 10,487,289 (+0.18% p.a.)
Capital: Lisbon (Lisboa) (3,051,000)
Other cities: Porto (Oporto) (1.4m),
Braga (182k), Amadora (177k), Setúbal (119k)
Languages: Portuguese (official), Mirandese
Products: Vehicles & parts, refined oil, machinery & tools, apparel & textiles, footwear, medicaments, wine, furniture, paper, rubber tires, gold, copper ore, tomatoes, tobacco
Borders: Spain
Time zone: UTC/BST +0 (Azores: UTC/BST -1)
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $23,671 / $21,765
Calling code: +351
Internet domain: .pt
Formation: 868 AD (foundation)
UN admission: December 14, 1955
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"A Portuguesa" ("The Portuguese")
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Romania  (România)
Ρουμανία
Continent: Europe
Area: 238,391 km2 (92,043 mi2)
Population (2011): 20,121,641 (-0.26% p.a.)
Capital: Bucharest (București) (1,883,425)
Other cities: Cluj-Napoca (Klausenburg, Kolozsvár) (325k), Timișoara (Temeswar, Temesvár) (319k)
Languages: Romanian (official), Hungarian, Vlax Romani
Products: Vehicles & parts, insulated wire, broadcasting equipment, refined oil, rubber tires, iron & steel products, apparel & textiles, wood & wood products, footwear, furniture, ships, rolled tobacco, corn, packaged medicaments, fertilizers
Borders: Ukraine, Moldova, Bulgaria, Serbia, Hungary
Time zone: UTC/BST +2
Currency: Romanian leu (RON)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $13,395 / $8,910
Calling code: +40
Internet domain: .ro
Independence: 1877-8 AD (from Ottoman Empire)
UN admission: December 14, 1955
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Deşteaptă-te, române!"
("Awaken Thee, Romanian")
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Russia  (Россия)
Ρωσία
Continent: Europe (& Asia)
Area: 17,098,242 km2 (6,592,800 mi2)
Population (2014 est.): 143,700,000 (-0.48% pa)
Capital: Moscow (Москва) (11,514,330)
Other cities: Saint Petersburg (Санкт-Петербург) (4.8m), Novosibirsk (Новосибирск) (1.4m)
Languages: Russian (official) & [many more]
Products: Crude & refined oil, gas, iron ore & products, coal briquettes, platinum, diamonds, wood, fertilisers, machinery & equipment, aluminium, chemicals, copper, wheat
Borders: North Korea, China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania, Poland, Latvia, Estonia, Finland, Norway
Time zone: UTC +3 to +12 (no summer time)
Currency: Russian ruble (RUB)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $17,884 / $14,818
Calling code: +7
Internet domain: .ru, .su, .рф (ISO code: RU)
Formation (Federation): December 25, 1991
UN admission: October 24, 1945
Religions: Christianity, Islam
National anthem:
Государственный гимн Российской Федерации 'Gosudarstvenny gimn Rossiyskoy Federatsii ("State Anthem of the Russian Federation")
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San Marino
Σαν Μαρίνο (Άγιος Μαρίνος)
Continent: Europe
Area: 61.2 km2 (24 mi2)
Population (2012 est.): 32,576 (+0.98% p.a.)
Capital: City of San Marino (aka San Marino) (Città di San Marino, aka Città) (4,128)
Largest city: Dogana (7,000)
Languages: Italian
Products: Banking, machines (washing, bottling & woodworking), computers, light pure woven cotton, telephones, broadcasting equipment, packaged medicaments, pesticides, ceramics, apparel, textiles, furskin apparel, metal products, cars, rubber pipes
Borders: Italy
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $35,928 / $44,208
Calling code: +378 (+39 0549 via Italy)
Internet domain: .sm
Independence: Sept. 3, 301 (f. Roman Empire)
UN admission: March 2, 1992
Religions: Christianity
National anthem: "Inno Nazionale della Repubblica"
("The National Anthem of the Republic")
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Serbia  (Србија, Srbija)
Σερβία
Continent: Europe
Area: 88,361 km2 (34,116 mi2)
Population (2011): 7,186,862 (-0.464% p.a.)
Capital: Belgrade (Београд, Beograd) (1,166,763)
Other cities: Novi Sad (Нови Сад) (251k),
Niš (Ниш) (183k), Kragujevac (Крагујевац) (180k)
Languages: Serbian (official),Hungarian,Slovak, Albanian,Romanian,Bulgarian,Rusyn,Bosnian,Croatian
Products: Hot-rolled iron, corn, metal products, insulated copper wire, rubber tires, plastics, chemicals, apparel & textiles, footwear, furniture, frozen fruits & nuts, sugar
Borders: Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, FYROM, Albania, Montenegro, Bosnia and Herzegovina,Croatia
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Serbian dinar (RSD)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $11,268 / $5,906
Calling code: +381
Internet domain: .rs, .срб
Independence (Republic): 2006
UN admission: November 1, 2000
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Bože pravde" ("God of Justice")
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Slovakia  (Slovensko)
Σλοβακία
Continent: Europe
Area: 49,035 km2 (18,932 mi2)
Population (2013 est.): 5,415,949 (+0.1% p.a.)
Capital: Bratislava (Pozsony, Preßburg) (413,192)
Other cities: Košice (Kaschau, Kassa)(241k), Prešov (Eperjes, Пряшів) (92k), Žilina (Sillein, Zsolna) (85k)
Languages: Slovak (official), Hungarian, Rusyn
Products: Cars & parts, video displays, machinery and electrical equipment, refined oil, gas, iron products, chemicals, rubber tires, plastics
Borders: Poland, Ukraine, Hungary, Austria, Czech Republic
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $25,525 / $18,792
Calling code: +421
Internet domain: .sk
Independence: January 1, 1993 (f. Czechoslovakia)
UN admission: January 19, 1993
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Nad Tatrou sa blýska"
("Lightning Over the Tatras")
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Slovenia  (Slovenija)
Σλοβενία
Continent: Europe
Area: 20,273 km2 (7,827 mi2)
Population (2014 est.): 2,061,085 (-0.185% p.a.)
Capital: Ljubljana (Laibach, Lubiana) (274,826)
Other cities: Maribor (Marburg an der Drau) (114k), Celje (50k), Kranj (37k), Velenje (Wöllan) (25k)
Languages: Slovene (official), Hungarian, Italian
Products: Vehicles & parts, packaged medicaments, machinery & equipment, seats, wood, paper, metals, refined oil, rubber tires
Borders: Austria, Hungary, Croatia, Italy
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $28,373 / $23,702
Calling code: +386
Internet domain: .si
Independence: June 25, 1991 (from Yugoslavia)
UN admission: May 22, 1992
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Zdravljica" ("A Toast")
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Spain  (España)
Ισπανία
Continent: Europe
Area: 505,902 km2 (195,364 mi2)
Population (2011): 46,815,916 (+0.654% p.a.)
Capital: Madrid (6,489,680)
Other cities: Barcelona (4.25m), Valencia (1.5m), Seville (Sevilla) (703k), Zaragoza (701k)
Languages: Spanish (official), Basque, Catalan, Galician, Occitan
Products: Vehicles & parts, refined oil, chemicals, medicaments, machinery & equipment, metal products, citrus, wine, olive oil, meat, apparel
Borders: France, Andorra, Morocco, U.K., Portugal
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Euro (€) (EUR)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $30,741 / $30,315
Calling code: +34
Internet domain: .es
Formation: 1479 (Dynastic)
UN admission: December 14, 1955
Religions: Christianity, Islam
National anthem:
"La Marcha Real" (Royal March)
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Sweden  (Sverige)
Σουηδία
Continent: Europe
Area: 449,964 km2 (173,745 mi2)
Population (2013): 9,644,864 (+0.168% p.a.)
Capital: Stockholm (1,372,565)
Other cities: Gothenburg (Göteborg) (550k), Malmö (308k), Uppsala (141k), Västerås (111k)
Languages: Swedish (official), Finnish, Meänkieli, Sami, Romani, Yiddish
Products: Refined oil, telephones, medicaments, cars & parts, machinery, paper products, pulp and wood, iron & steel products, military armaments
Borders: Norway, Finland
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Swedish krona (SEK)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $40,870 / $57,297
Calling code: +46
Internet domain: .se
Establishment: Middle Ages
UN admission: November 19, 1946
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Du gamla, Du fria"
("Thou ancient, thou free")
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Switzerland (Schweiz, Suisse, Svizzera)
Ελβετία
Continent: Europe
Area: 41,285 km2 (15,940 mi2)
Population (2011): 7,954,700 (+0.92% p.a.)
Capital: Bern (127,515)
Largest city: Zürich (Züri) (383,708)
Other cities: Geneva (Genève, Genf, Ginevra) (195k), Basle (Basel, Bâle, Basilea) (173k)
Languages: French, German, Italian, Romansh (all official)
Products: Gold, packaged medicaments, human & animal blood, watches, jewellery, machinery & equipment, chemicals, medical instruments, orthopaedic appliances, aircrafts & parts, rolled tobacco, cheese, chocolate, coffee
Borders: Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, Italy, France
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Swiss franc (CHF)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $47,863 / $86,145
Calling code: +41
Internet domain: .ch
Formation: c. 1300 (foundation date)
UN admission: September 10, 2002
Religions: Christianity, Islam
National anthem:
Schweizerpsalm (Swiss Psalm)
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The FYROM
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
поранешна Југословенска Република Македонија
ΠΓΔΜ (ΦΥΡΟΜ, Σκόπια)
Continent: Europe
Area: 25,713 km2 (9,779 mi2)
Population (2011 est.): 2,058,539 (+0.237% p.a.)
Capital: Skopje (Скопје) (506,926)
Other cities: Bitola (Битола) (81k), Kumanovo (Куманово) (71k), Prilep (Прилеп) (62k)
Languages: Macedonian (official), Albanian, Turkish, Roma, Serbian
Products: Reaction & catalytic products, ferroalloys, iron products, apparel, textiles, tobacco, refined oil, copper, lead, zinc, wine
Borders: Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece, Albania
Time zone: UTC/BST +1
Currency: Macedonian denar (MKD)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $10,718 / $4,935
Calling code: +389
Internet domain: .mk, .мкд (ISO code: MK)
Independence (decl.): September 8, 1991 (from Yugoslavia)
UN admission: April 8, 1993
Religions: Christianity, Islam
National anthem:
Denes nad Makedonija (Today Over Macedonia)
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Ukraine  (Україна 'Ukrayina)
Ουκρανία
Continent: Europe
Area: 603,628 km2 (233,062 mi2)
Population (2013 est.): 44,573,205 (-0.625% pa)
Capital: Kiev (Киев) aka Kyiv (Київ) (2,847,200)
Other cities: Kharkiv (Харків) aka Kharkov (Ха́рьков) (1.47m), Odessa (Одеса, Оде́сса) (1.03m)
Languages: Ukrainian (official), Russian, Armenian, Albanian, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Crimean Tatar, Gagauz, German, Greek, Hungarian, Karaim, Krymchak, Moldovan, Polish, Romani, Romanian, Rusyn, Slovak, Yiddish
Products: Iron products, iron ore, railway freight cars, locomotive parts, refined oil, coal, coke, seed oils, chemicals, machinery & equipment, ferroalloys, fertilizers, corn, wheat, chocolate
Borders: Belarus, Russia, Romania, Moldova, Hungary, Slovakia, Poland
Time zone: UTC/BST +2(no DST in Crimea)
Currency: Ukrainian hryvnia (UAH)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $7,422 / $3,862
Calling code: +380
Internet domain: .ua, .ykp (ISO code: UA)
Independence: August 24, 1991 (from Soviet Union)
UN admission: October 24, 1945
Religions: Christianity
National anthem:
"Shche ne vmerla Ukrainy"
("Ukraine has Not Yet Died")
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United Kingdom of Great Britain & Northern Ireland (U.K.)
Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο της Μεγάλης Βρετανίας και Βόρειας Ιρλανδίας
Continent: Europe
Area: 243,610 km2 (94,060 mi2)
Population (2011): 63,181,775 (+0.553% p.a.)
Capital: London (8,308,369)
Other cities: Manchester (2.6m), Birmingham (2.5m), Leeds (1.8m), Liverpool (1.5m), Glasgow (1.2m)
Languages: English (official), Scots, Ulster-Scots, Welsh, Cornish, Irish, Scottish Gaelic
Products: Vehicles & parts, refined & crude oil, gas, gas turbines, machinery & equipment, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, hard liquor, diamonds, gemstones, gold, textiles, metal & paper products, plastics
Borders: Ireland
Time zone: UTC/BST +0
Currency: Pound sterling (GBP)
GDPPC (PPP / Nominal): $38,309 / $40,879
Calling code: +44
Internet domain: .uk (ISO code: GB)
Formation: May 1, 1707
UN admission: October 24, 1945
Religions: Christianity, Islam, Hinduism
National anthem:
"God Save the Queen"
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